Test Description: Sodium

The Sodium test measures the level of sodium in the blood. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle function. This test is commonly part of a basic metabolic panel (BMP) or comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP). Abnormal sodium levels can indicate dehydration, kidney problems, adrenal gland issues, or conditions like heart failure. High sodium levels (hypernatremia) may result from dehydration or excessive salt intake, while low sodium levels (hyponatremia) can be caused by fluid retention, certain medications, or kidney disease. This test helps assess overall electrolyte balance and guide treatment.