The Anti-Mitochondrial Antibody (AMA) test detects antibodies that target mitochondria, the energy-producing structures within cells. The presence of these antibodies is highly suggestive of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), an autoimmune disease that affects the liver. AMA is typically used to help diagnose PBC, especially in patients with symptoms such as fatigue, jaundice, or liver dysfunction. A blood sample is required for this test, which is also useful in monitoring disease progression in PBC patients.